Ukubheka Emlandweni Wegeyimu Yevidiyo
Kuzo zonke izinto ezikhiqizwe ngawo-1970, zimbalwa ezaba nomthelela omkhulu kumasiko njengemidlalo yevidiyo. Akungabazeki ngakho ukuthi imidlalo yevidiyo ibe namandla amakhulu emphakathini futhi ingenye yezinto zokuzilibazisa ezithandwa kakhulu. Amathuba ukuthi ungaphansi kweminyaka engama-40, uwadlalile, abanye bethu kakhulu. Kwakukhona i-Atari, Intellivision neColecovision. Ungakhohlwa uSega noNintendo. Namuhla kunamawebhusayithi akuvumela ukuthi ulande imidlalo yamahhala eku-inthanethi.
Futhi uma ukhumbula lezo zinsuku zeminyaka yama-70s neyasekuqaleni kwawo-80, uyakhumbula ukuthi imidlalo yayincike ekuthuthukisweni okucacile nasezindleleni ezingcono zokudubula isitha. Kwakungokuphishekela okwedwa noma okuncane. Ngokukhuphuka kwe-Intanethi nemidlalo eku-inthanethi kodwa-ke, izinto eziningi zishintshile, kufaka phakathi amandla okulanda imidlalo nokudlala imidlalo eku-inthanethi, okwenza imidlalo ibe yinto yomphakathi, enabadlali abaningi, noma abaphikisi bedlala bodwa abavela emazweni ahlukene. Lokhu kungaba ushintsho olukhulu kakhulu ‘futhi kuyinzuzo yakamuva imidlalo enikeze umhlaba.
Kodwa kuthiwani ngezinsuku zokuqala? Kuqale kanjani konke futhi yimiphi imidlalo yevidiyo echaze inkathi?
Abasunguli
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi iPong kwakuwumdlalo wasekhaya owawuqala konke, kepha empeleni kwakuyiMagnavox kanye nohlelo lwabo ‘lwe-Odyssey’ ngo-1972. Yize yayilula kakhulu, yayisingeyokuqala. Yayinemidlalo elula eyishumi nambili enokumbondelana kwemifanekiso. Kodwa-ke, bekukhona indawo eningi yokwenza ngcono, futhi kulapho iPong yadlala khona.
UNolan Bushnell wadala iPong, kanye no-Al Alcorn, umsunguli we-Atari. Amahlebezi athi lapho uhlobo luvivinywa endaweni yokucima ukoma yaseCalifornia, umshini waphuka ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili, ngoba wawuthandwa kakhulu. Isinyathelo esilandelayo esinengqondo kwaba ukudala inguqulo yasekhaya. Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka owodwa kamuva, u-Atari wakhipha iPong, igcwaliswe ngokwakhiwa kwamaphini, kanye nesipikha. Vele, iPong ibe yimpumelelo enkulu futhi yamelela isigaba esisha ekuguqukeni kwemidlalo. Kuzokhiqizwa ama-Pong knock-offs angaphezulu kwamashumi ayisithupha, kepha i-Atari yayibusa kakhulu emakethe.
Okulandelayo kwaba ukuqaliswa kwe-microprocessor, eyamukelwa yonke imboni. Njengomphumela walokhu, kungasungulwa izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Lezi zinhlelo zikhiqize ukuqhuma komhlaba kanye nemiphumela emisha yokuqhafaza neyokuzwa ebingakaze ibonwe ngaphambili. Abathengi bebeyidla. Imboni ibivutha ingabaselwe. Ngo-1981 kuphela, kwasetshenziswa amadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezinhlanu emishini ye-video arcade kwathi amanye amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zemidlalo yamavidiyo asekhaya. Uhlelo luka-Atari lwe-VCS / 2600 lwahlala lungumdlali ovelele ngo-1982, lapho imakethe yezokudlala yehlelwa yingozi.
Yimiphi eminye imidlalo emihle? Kuthiwani ngePac Man? I-Pac Man, i-blob ephuzi eyadla amachashazi futhi yagwema izipoki ezinjenge-squid, yayiwumuzwa womhlaba wonke futhi mhlawumbe ngumdlalo omkhulu kunayo yonke.
Abahlaseli Besikhala bekungomunye umdlalo odume ngokumangazayo. Eqinisweni, kumake impela ushintsho emidlalweni ye-arcade, kubakhipha emabhokisini nasezindaweni ezinobungane zomndeni njengezitolo nezindawo zokudlela. Isisekelo sabahlaseli Bomkhathi bekungukumisa ukuhlasela kwabafokazi. Le fomula elula yaba ngumdlalo we-Arcade ophumelela kunazo zonke.
Kwakukhona ne-Super Mario, nayo eyayinkulu kakhulu. Bekubandakanya i-anti-hero yase-Italy eyayakhiwe ngamabomu njengomlingiswa wonke umuntu angazihlanganisa nayo. ngokushesha ngemuva kwalokho kwafika uZelda, uMetroid, namanye ama-classic.
Ukuvuka nokuwa kwe-Atari
I-Atari ibiyinto eshisa kunazo zonke emhlabeni wezemidlalo ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-80’s. Namuhla, ziyinsalela yenkazimulo edlule. Kwenzekeni-ke? U-Atari wenze izinqumo ezimbi, futhi yize kunzima kakhulu, kuyasiza ukuqonda isimo. Ngaleso sikhathi emhlabeni wamakhompiyutha, izindlela zokusebenzisa amandla kazibuthe zazisetshenziswa kusitoreji sedatha esisetshenziswa kumishini ye-Arcade. Laba baxhumanisi bavumela amandla ememori aphakeme kunama-cartridge we-ROM.
Ngo-1982, u-Atari wayenenketho yokufaka idiski yediski ezinhlelweni zabo. Umehluko wentengo ubungaba owokuqanjwa, futhi amandla ememori abengabonakala. U-Atari, nokho, ubecabanga ukuthi imithombo yezindaba kazibuthe ‘ibuthaka’ kakhulu ukuthi umthengi angakwazi ukuyiphatha ngokwanele. ‘Ukukhathazeka’ kuka-Atari ngamakhasimende kubabuyisele emuva. Eminyakeni edlule, bekukhona umugqa omuhle kakhulu ohlukanisa ikhwalithi yomdlalo we-arcade nekhwalithi yomdlalo wasekhaya. Ngama-arcades asebenzisa amandla wokugcina ngokuphindwe kayishumi kuya kumashumi amane nanhlanu kukhulu kunamasistimu asekhaya lowo mugqa omuhle waba ngumhosha. Imidlalo ye-Arcade ibibonakala ithuthuka kakhulu, ngenkathi izinhlelo zasekhaya zibonakala ‘zibhajwe ngesikhathi esinqabile.’
umphakathi washeshe waba nentshisekelo ekududuzweni okuqondile kwegeyimu yevidiyo, futhi ukuthengisa kwehla kakhulu. Lokhu kuzokhomba ukuphela kokubusa kuka-Atari emakethe yemidlalo yevidiyo.
Ukuvuka Kokusha
Ngo-1984, konke kwashintsha. Isizathu? Ukuqamba okubili Ukwehliswa kwezindleko zamachips we-Dynamic RAM (DRAM) avumela inkumbulo eyengeziwe, nokukhiqizwa kwama-processor aphezulu we-8-bit, okwehlise amanani entengo ama-chips wangaphambilini. USega, umdlali omusha ezinhlelweni zokudlala ekhaya, ungene emakethe ye-console nge-Master System yabo 2. Uhlelo lweSega Master luzothengisa kakhulu